AIR POLLUTION

AIR POLLUTION

Air pollution is the accumulation in the atmosphere of substances that, in sufficient concentrations, endanger human health or produce other measured effects on living matter and other materials. Among the major sources of pollution are power and heat generation, the burning of solid wastes, industrial processes, and, especially, transportation. The six major types of pollutants are carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, particulates, sulfur dioxide, and photochemical oxidants.

Noise Pollution
Noise pollution or unwanted sounds that are carried by the air, have an irritating and detrimental effect on humans and other animals. Careful planning of streets and biuldings in towns and better control over noisy vechiles may add to the control of noise pollution.

Tobacco Smoke
Tobacco smoke is one of the major forms of pollution in buildings. It is not only the smoker who is infected, but everyone who inhales the polluted air. There is a very strong connection between smoking and lung cancer. Bronchitis is common among smokers and unborn babies of mothers who smoke also suffer from the harmful effects of smoking.

Exhaust Gases of Vehicles
Pollution from exhaust gases of vehicles is reponsible for 60% of all air pollution and in cities up to 80%. There is a large variety of harmful chemicals present in these gases, with lead being one of the most dangerous.

Combustion of Coal
The combustion of caol without special precautions can have serious consequences. If winds do not blow away the poisonous gases, they can have fatal effects and may lead to death.

Acid rain
Acid rain is the term for pollution caused when sulfur and nitrogen dioxides combine with atmospheric moisture to produce highly acidic rain, snow, hail, or fog. The acid eats into the stone, brick and metal articles and pollutes water sources. Coal in South Africa is rich in sulphur and the power stations in the Mpumalanga Province could be reponsible for acid rain over other areas of our country.

 

Control Measures:Although individual people can help to combat air pollution in their own immediate environment, efficient control can be best achieved by legislation. Some commonly enforced control measures include the establishment of more smokeless zones; control over the kinds of fuel used in cars, aeroplanes, power stations, etc

  

Global Warming

Global Warming

 

 

Global warming is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere and its oceans, a change that is believed to be permanently changing the Earth’s climate forever.

While many view the effects of global warming to be more substantial and more rapidly occurring than others do, the scientific consensus on climatic changes related to global warming is that the average temperature of the Earth has risen between 0.4 and 0.8 °C over the past 100 years. The increased volumes of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases released by the burning of fossil fuels, land clearing, agriculture, and other human activities, are believed to be the primary sources of the global warming that has occurred over the past 50 years.

Scientists from the intergovernmental panel on climate carrying out global warming research have recently predicted that average global temperatures could increase between 1.4 and 5.8 °C by the year 2100. Changes resulting from global warming may include rising sea levels due to the melting of the polar ice caps, as well as an increase in occurrence and severity of storms and other severe weather events.

True Love

True Love

By Robert PW

 

In silence the heart raves. It utters words

Meaningless, that never had

A meaning. I was ten, skinny, red-headed,

Freckled. In a big black Buick,

Driven by a big grown boy, with a necktie, she sat

In front of the drugstore, sipping something

Through a straw. There is nothing like

Beauty. It stops your heart. It

Thickens your blood. It stops your breath. It

Makes you feel dirty. You need a hot bath.

I leaned against a telephone pole, and watched.

I thought I would die if she saw me.

How could I exist in the same world with that brightness?

Two years later she smiled at me. She

Named my name. I thought I would wake up dead.

Her grown brothers walked with the bent-knee

Swagger of horsemen. They were slick-faced.

Told jokes in the barbershop. Did no work.

Their father was what is called a drunkard.

Whatever he was he stayed on the third floor

Of the big white farmhouse under the maples for twenty-five years.

He never came down. They brought everything up to him.

I did not know what a mortgage was.

His wife was a good, Christian woman, and prayed.

When the daughter got married, the old man came down wearing

An old tail coat, the pleated shirt yellowing.

The sons propped him. I saw the wedding. There were

Engraved invitations, it was so fashionable. I thought

I would cry. I lay in bed that night

And wondered if she would cry when something was done to her.

The mortgage was foreclosed. That last word was whispered.

She never came back. The family

Sort of drifted off. Nobody wears shiny boots like that now.

But I know she is beautiful forever, and lives

In a beautiful house, far away.

She called my name once. I didn’t even know she knew it

A Way to Love God

A Way to Love God

By Robert PW

 

Here is the shadow of truth, for only the shadow is true.

And the line where the incoming swell from the sunset Pacific

First leans and staggers to break will tell all you need to know

About submarine geography, and your father’s death rattle

Provides all biographical data required for the Who’s Who of the dead.

I cannot recall what I started to tell you, but at least

I can say how night-long I have lain under the stars and

Heard mountains moan in their sleep. By daylight,

They remember nothing, and go about their lawful occasions

Of not going anywhere except in slow disintegration. At night

They remember, however, that there is something they cannot remember.

So moan. Theirs is the perfected pain of conscience that

Of forgetting the crime, and I hope you have not suffered it. I have.

I do not recall what had burdened my tongue, but urge you

To think on the slug’s white belly, how sick-slick and soft,

On the hairiness of stars, silver, silver, while the silence

Blows like wind by, and on the sea’s virgin bosom unveiled

To give suck to the wavering serpent of the moon; and,

In the distance, in plaza, piazza, place, platz, and square,

Boot heels, like history being born, on cobbles bang.

Everything seems an echo of something else.

And when, by the hair, the headsman held up the head

Of Mary of Scots, the lips kept on moving,

But without sound. The lips,

They were trying to say something very important.

But I had forgotten to mention an upland

Of wind-tortured stone white in darkness, and tall, but when

No wind, mist gathers, and once on the Sarré at midnight,

I watched the sheep huddling. Their eyes

Stared into nothingness. In that mist-diffused light their eyes

Were stupid and round like the eyes of fat fish in muddy water,

Or of a scholar who has lost faith in his calling.

Their jaws did not move. Shreds

Of dry grass, gray in the gray mist-light, hung

From the side of a jaw, unmoving.

You would think that nothing would ever again happen.

That may be a way to love God.

Wrong Love

 

Wrong Love

 

 

Whenever i stray off the path of love;
You guide me back into the tranquil light.
I find myself wanting to pull you close;
Close my lips over your own.

My body is responsive and i hate it;
I know you are the wrong one for me;
But i cant seem to stop myself anymore;
Even though you are wrong you love me right.

My heart beats frantically inside my chest;
I am digesting a mortal infliction that causes agony;
I cannot decipher what i must do;
All i know is that your love is so pure and true.

A gift so rare and yet I cannot cherish;
You belong to someone and its not me;
I rebel and try to lash out at others;
But its the truth; I want you and no other.

My love for you is neverending;
But i have come to realize that it will never work;
Though we are in love with each other;
We are the wrong ones; Even though we love right.

By Lilly Ruth

Beautifully Broken

 

Beautifully Broken

by Beautifully Broken

She is Crying
She is Trying
She is hurt
She is that one girl that is perfectly broken to peices

But no one notices how hurt she is they see the cuts They see the burns they see the brusies that run upo And down her arms and legs…but no one says anything This girl needs saving from {{HERSELF}} but she sees No one there no one ever is… But this time is different

That boy in the shining armer is there this time and he Is going to save her…
He is her sholder to cry on
He is her real smile that was always hiden away with The fake one
He is her savior from the hurt
He is her one and only

He Is there when nobody else else was
He is there when she needed saving
He is her knight in shinig armer

She was BEAUTIFULLY BROKEN
But he saved her from [[HERSELF]]
Just when she needed it the most
HE IS THE REASON SHE STILL BREATHE’S

By Beautifully Broken

My Soul Love

My Soul Love

Loving you comes easily
So happy it’s you and me
My love comes from my soul
And it has no hole
Or no end
With you, I don’t have to pretend
I’ll never hurt you
No matter what you do
I couldn’t ask for more
Because you opened the door
Glad I took a chance
On you for romance
All I need is love
One that’s sent from above

By. Janice H

I Believe Again

I Believe Again

When I think of you, I believe again.

I believe that true love really exists.
I believe in silver linings and pots of gold.
I believe in multiple rainbows strewn across the sky,
And a candle-lit path carpeted with rose petals,
Leading right up to you…

And as I reach the end of the path,
Time freezes,
And we’re locked in a glass bubble
To be displayed on heaven’s mantelpiece,
For the world to witness how it’s supposed to be…

By Andrea

I Love You More Then My Pen Can Say

I Love You More Then My Pen Can Say

This is a poem for a special someone
to express the feelings of where I’m coming from
words cant explain the depths of this feeling
so my pen writes as my heart is spilling
ever since that first hello
in your smile i saw a glow
now with your every smile
my life feels more worthwhile
you gave me a light
and out shined my night
but i doused your flame
with my lies of shame
now your stuck all confused
b.c the simple truth i didn’t give u
ever so petty i knew it was wrong
its hard to change when Ive lied so long
no excuses to be made and no one else to blame
its my own habits which i must tame
so see this poem as my dedication
and see your pain as my inspiration
to dry your eyes and mend your heart
from all the mistakes that tore us apart
ill flip my world to see you smile again
i don’t know how nor do i know when
but ill make a change and rekindle our flame
my poem for my special someone…u know Ur name.

By Lance

JESSE

Jesse was the son of Obed, and grandson of Boaz and Ruth (Ruth 4:13-22). Jesse had eight sons and two daughters, but he is known to Bible History primarily because of his youngest son, the one who became King David. As such, Jesse was a key ancestor of Jesus Christ: “There shall come forth a shoot from the stump of Jesse, and a branch shall grow out of his roots … In that day the root of Jesse shall stand as an ensign to the peoples; him shall the nations seek, and his dwellings shall be glorious.” (Isaiah 11:1,10 RSV)

After Saul proved himself to be an unwise and unstable king, The Lord appeared to the priest Samuel to make known that He had chosen a new king from among the sons of Jesse of Bethlehem:

“The Lord said to Samuel, “How long will you grieve over Saul, seeing I have rejected him from being king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil, and go; I will send you to Jesse the Bethlehemite, for I have provided for Myself a king among his sons.” (1 Samuel 16:1 RSV)

The choice of the new king was a surprise to Jesse, who very nearly overlooked his youngest son who was out tending the sheep when Samuel arrived:

“And Jesse made seven of his sons pass before Samuel. And Samuel said to Jesse, “The Lord has not chosen these.” And Samuel said to Jesse, “Are all your sons here?” And he said, “There remains yet the youngest, but behold, he is keeping the sheep.” And Samuel said to Jesse, “Send and fetch him; for we will not sit down till he comes here.” And he sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, and had beautiful eyes, and was handsome. And The Lord said, “Arise, anoint him; for this is he.” Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brothers; and the Spirit of The Lord came mightily upon David from that day forward.” (1 Samuel 16:10-13 RSV)

The transition of the monarchy from Saul to David did not occur immediately, or easily. Saul was killed in battle against the Philistines before David became king of all Israel. Before that time however, Saul became increasingly bitter against David, and frequently spoke of David in a derogatory manner simply as the “son of Jesse” (e.g. 1 Samuel 22:7). It eventually got so dangerous for all of David’s family that David arranged for refuge for his parents with the king of Moab (Jesse’s grandmother Ruth was from Moab i.e. Ruth 1:1-4). It was the last of Jesse’s life recorded in the Bible:

“David departed from there and escaped to the cave of Adullam; and when his brothers and all his father’s house heard it, they went down there to him. And every one who was in distress, and every one who was in debt, and every one who was discontented, gathered to him; and he became captain over them. And there were with him about four hundred men. And David went from there to Mizpeh of Moab; and he said to the king of Moab, “Pray let my father and my mother stay with you, till I know what God will do for me.” And he left them with the king of Moab, and they stayed with him all the time that David was in the stronghold.” (1 Samuel 22:1-4 RSV)

 

By. Wayne B

LIFE CONCERNING LOVE

THE FACTS OF LIFE CONCERNING LOVE

The first and most fundamental fact of life about love is: love is something that is fundamentally wired into the human brain. There is nothing that you can do about it. You cannot turn it on and off. It is there, it is active and that’s the end of it. In fact, it is nearly impossible to separate love from human existence. Especially as a teenager, they are one and the same.
The second fact of life is that there are different kinds of love, and we need to agree on what we are talking about when we say the word “love.” Here are some of the different kinds of love that you might be familiar with:

Parental love—Parents love their children, and this sort of love, devotion and caring is different from all other types of love. When done well, parental love could be called perfect.
Christian love—Jesus said, “Love your neighbor as yourself,” and many people are able to do that. They love and care about those around them because they are fellow human beings.
Friendship love—A deep friendship between two people often involves a level of trust, devotion, commitment and caring that is love. So two women or two men or a man and a woman who have known each other for 20 years and have been through a lot together can say they love one another. There is not a bit of romantic or sexual attraction involved.
Material love—You might hear someone say, “I love that car!” or “I love that movie!” It is love applied to an object. In this case the word “love” can mean a range of things from “I really like it” to “I must have it” all the way up to, in extreme cases, “I will (literally) kill myself if I don’t get it.” Another word for this is infatuation.
Lustful love—To some extent lustful love is a form of material love, but it is applied to another person and tied almost completely to a sexual infatuation. So a girl might say, “I love Tom Cruise!” Or a guy might say, strictly on the basis of a girl’s looks, “I love that girl!” This is lust.
Romantic love—When most teenagers think of “love”, this is what they are talking about. It is the combination of friendship, sexual attraction and the search for someone to marry. It is the search for the one person with whom you can raise your family and spend the rest of your life.

LOVE

Love’s symptoms are familiar enough: a drifting mooniness in thought and behavior, the mad conceit that the entire universe has rolled itself up into the person of the beloved, a conviction that no one on earth has ever felt so torrentially about a fellow creature before. Love is ecstasy and torment, freedom and slavery. Poets and songwriters would be in a fine mess without it. Plus, it makes the world go round.

Until recently, scientists wanted no part of it.

The reason for this avoidance, this reluctance to study what is probably life’s most intense emotion, is not difficult to track down. Love is mushy; science is hard. Anger and fear, feelings that have been considerably researched in the field and the lab, can be quantified through measurements: pulse and breathing rates, muscle contractions, a whole spider web of involuntary responses. Love does not register as definitively on the instruments; it leaves a blurred fingerprint that could be mistaken for anything from indigestion to a manic attack. Anger and fear have direct roles — fighting or running — in the survival of the species. Since it is possible (a cynic would say commonplace) for humans to mate and reproduce without ) love, all the attendant sighing and swooning and sonnet writing have struck many pragmatic investigators as beside the evolutionary point.

So biologists and anthropologists assumed that it would be fruitless, even frivolous, to study love’s evolutionary origins, the way it was encoded in our genes or imprinted in our brains. Serious scientists simply assumed that love — and especially Romantic Love — was really all in the head, put there five or six centuries ago when civilized societies first found enough spare time to indulge in flowery prose. The task of writing the book of love was ceded to playwrights, poets and pulp novelists.

But during the past decade, scientists across a broad range of disciplines have had a change of heart about love. The amount of research expended on the tender passion has never been more intense. Explanations for this rise in interest vary. Some cite the spreading threat of AIDS; with casual sex carrying mortal risks, it seems important to know more about a force that binds couples faithfully together. Others point to the growing number of women scientists and suggest that they may be more willing than their male colleagues to take love seriously. Says Elaine Hatfield, the author of Love, Sex, and Intimacy: Their Psychology, Biology, and History: “When I was back at Stanford in the 1960s, they said studying love and human relationships was a quick way to ruin my career. Why not go where the real work was being done: on how fast rats could run?” Whatever the reasons, science seems to have come around to a view that nearly everyone else has always taken for granted: romance is real. It is not merely a conceit; it is bred into our biology.

By Paul Gray;Hannah Bloch/New York and Sally B. Donnelly/Los Angeles

IF LOVE COMES

IF LOVE COMES 

If love comes from appreciating goodness, it needn’t just happen — you can make it happen. Love is active. You can create it. Just focus on the good in another person (and everyone has some). If you can do this easily, you’ll love easily.

I was once at an intimate concert in which the performer, a deeply spiritual person, gazed warmly at his audience and said, “I want you to know, I love you all.” I smiled tolerantly and thought, “Sure.” Looking back, though, I realize my cynicism was misplaced. This man naturally saw the good in others, and our being there said enough about us that he could love us. Judaism actually idealizes this universal, unconditional love.

Obviously, there’s a huge distance from here to the far more profound, personal love developed over the years, especially in marriage. But seeing goodness is the beginning.

Susan learned about this foundation of love after becoming engaged to David. When she called her parents to tell them the good news, they were elated. At the end of the conversation, her mother said, “Darling, I want you to know we love you, and we love David.”

Susan was a bit dubious. “Mom,” she said hesitantly, “I really appreciate your feelings, but, in all honesty, how can you say you love someone you’ve never met?”

By focusing on the good, you can love almost anyone.

“We’re choosing to love him,” her mother explained, “because love is a choice.”

There’s no better wisdom Susan’s mother could have imparted to her before marriage. By focusing on the good, you can love almost anyone.

LIFE Is WHAT YOU MAKE Of IT

Life Is What You Make of It
(© Max Stein)

The power to succeed or fail will always be yours alone.
You alone have the responsibility to shape your life.
Nothing and no one can deny you greatness
once you understand this.

There’s no one to stop you but yourself.
No one can cheat you out of ultimate success but you.
More powerful than all the success slogans ever written
is the realization that everyone has but one boss.
That boss is you.

Picture yourself vividly as winning,
and that alone will contribute immeasurably to your success.